State-by-State Will Requirements
While Australian Will laws share common principles, each state and territory has its own legislation with specific requirements. Here's what you need to know.
Universal Requirements (All States)
Before diving into state-specific details, here are the core requirements that apply across all Australian jurisdictions:
New South Wales
Governing Legislation:
Succession Act 2006 (NSW)
Key Points
- Informal Wills: Section 8 allows the court to admit documents that don't meet formal requirements if satisfied they represent the deceased's testamentary intentions.
- Marriage Revocation: Marriage revokes an existing Will unless made in contemplation of that marriage.
- Divorce Effect: Divorce revokes gifts to former spouse and their appointment as executor (they're treated as predeceased).
- Family Provision: Eligible persons can make a claim under Chapter 3 if not adequately provided for.
Eligible Claimants for Family Provision
- Spouse (including de facto)
- Children (including adopted and step-children in certain circumstances)
- Former spouse
- Dependant grandchildren
- Members of the household who were wholly or partly dependent
- Persons in a close personal relationship
Victoria
Governing Legislation:
Wills Act 1997 (Vic) & Administration and Probate Act 1958 (Vic)
Key Points
- Informal Wills: Section 9 allows the court to dispense with formal requirements if satisfied the document embodies testamentary intentions.
- Marriage Revocation: Marriage revokes an existing Will unless made in contemplation of that marriage.
- Divorce Effect: Divorce revokes appointments and gifts to former spouse.
- Statutory Will: The Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) can authorise a statutory Will for a person who lacks testamentary capacity.
Unique Features
- VCAT can make or alter Wills for people without capacity
- Strong provisions for de facto partners
- Time limit for family provision claims: 6 months from grant of probate
Queensland
Governing Legislation:
Succession Act 1981 (Qld)
Key Points
- Informal Wills: Section 18 provides broad discretion to admit informal documents expressing testamentary intentions.
- Marriage Revocation: Marriage revokes existing Will unless made in contemplation of marriage.
- Divorce Effect: Divorce revokes provisions for former spouse.
- Handwritten Wills: Queensland recognises informal handwritten (holographic) Wills more readily than some other states.
Family Provision Claims
Under Part 4 of the Succession Act, eligible claimants include:
- Spouse (including de facto)
- Children (of any age)
- Dependants (persons dependent on deceased for support)
Queensland Note
Queensland has more restrictive family provision rules than NSW or Victoria. Only spouses, children, and dependants can claimβnot stepchildren or members of the household unless they meet the dependency test.
Western Australia
Governing Legislation:
Wills Act 1970 (WA) & Family Provision Act 1972 (WA)
Key Points
- Informal Wills: Section 32 allows the court to admit informal documents.
- Marriage Revocation: Marriage revokes existing Will unless made in contemplation.
- Divorce Effect: Divorce revokes gifts and appointments to former spouse.
- De Facto Recognition: De facto partners have similar rights to married spouses.
Unique Features
- Separate Family Provision Act (not part of the main Wills Act)
- Claims must be made within 6 months of probate
- Courts consider the size of the estate and claimant's financial position
South Australia
Governing Legislation:
Succession Act 2023 (SA) (from 1 Jan 2025)
Key Points
- Informal Wills: The Succession Act 2023 (SA) lets the court admit a document that doesn't meet the formal requirements if it expresses the deceased's testamentary intentions, but SA is generally stricter than other states.
- Marriage Effect: Marriage automatically revokes a Will in SA unless it was made in contemplation of that marriage (the universal rule).
- Divorce Effect: Divorce revokes provisions for former spouse.
SA Law Update
South Australia was historically the exception, but the Succession Act 2023 (SA) β in force from 1 January 2025 β brought SA into line with the rest of the country. Marriage (and entering a registered relationship) now automatically revokes your Will unless it was made in contemplation of that marriage or relationship. Make a new Will after marriage to ensure your spouse is provided for.
Family Provision
Family provision is now governed by the Succession Act 2023 (SA), which replaced the Inheritance (Family Provision) Act 1972 from 1 January 2025. Spouses, domestic partners and children can apply; step-children, former partners, grandchildren, parents and siblings can claim only where they can show genuine need (such as dependency on, or care for, the deceased). The time limit is 6 months from the grant of probate.
Tasmania
Governing Legislation:
Wills Act 2008 (Tas)
Key Points
- Informal Wills: Section 10 allows the court to dispense with execution requirements.
- Marriage Revocation: Marriage revokes existing Will unless made in contemplation.
- Divorce Effect: Divorce revokes appointments and gifts to former spouse.
- Modern Legislation: Tasmania's 2008 Act is one of the most recently updated in Australia.
Notable Provisions
- Clear provisions for electronic Wills in certain circumstances
- Comprehensive definition of testamentary capacity
- Family provision claims under the Testator's Family Maintenance Act 1912
Australian Capital Territory
Governing Legislation:
Wills Act 1968 (ACT) & Family Provision Act 1969 (ACT)
Key Points
- Informal Wills: Section 11A allows the court to admit informal documents.
- Marriage Effect: Marriage automatically revokes a Will in the ACT under section 20 of the Wills Act 1968 (ACT). The contemplation-of-marriage exception applies only where the Will expressly states it.
- Divorce Effect: Divorce revokes gifts and appointments to former spouse.
ACT Marriage Note
Under section 20 of the Wills Act 1968 (ACT), marriage automatically revokes your Will. The only exception is where the Will expressly states it was made in contemplation of that marriage (a civil union or civil partnership has the same effect). Make a new Will after marriage to reflect your changed circumstances.
Family Provision
Eligible claimants include spouses, children, parents, and persons who were wholly or partly maintained by the deceased.
Northern Territory
Governing Legislation:
Wills Act 2000 (NT) & Family Provision Act 1970 (NT)
Key Points
- Informal Wills: Section 10 allows the court to dispense with formal requirements.
- Marriage Revocation: Marriage revokes existing Will unless made in contemplation.
- Divorce Effect: Divorce revokes provisions for former spouse.
Special Considerations
- Aboriginal customary law may interact with succession law in some circumstances
- Remote locations may require special consideration for execution and witnessing
- Family provision claims must be made within 12 months of death
Quick Comparison Table
| State | Marriage Revokes Will? | Informal Wills? | Family Provision Deadline |
|---|---|---|---|
| NSW | Yes | Yes (s.8) | 12 months from death |
| Victoria | Yes | Yes (s.9) | 6 months from probate |
| Queensland | Yes | Yes (s.18) | 9 months from death |
| WA | Yes | Yes (s.32) | 6 months from probate |
| SA | Yes | Yes (limited) | 6 months from probate |
| Tasmania | Yes | Yes (s.10) | 3 months from probate |
| ACT | Yes | Yes (s.11A) | 6 months from probate |
| NT | Yes | Yes (s.10) | 12 months from death |
Frequently Asked Questions
Are Will requirements different in each Australian state?
Is my Will valid if I move to a different state?
What is an 'informal Will' in Australia?
Does marriage revoke my Will in all states?
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